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7/18/2008 日研究：黃綠色蔬菜富含Beta胡蘿蔔素可防癌（中央社記者張芳明東京十七日專電）日本厚生勞動省的研究小組今天發表一項長達十年追蹤調查報告指出，人體內若缺乏黃綠色蔬菜中大量含有的「Beta胡蘿蔔素」，罹患胃癌的危險性將倍增，研究人員呼籲有抽菸和喝酒習慣的人，應積極食用蔬菜和水果。 由日本國立癌症防治中心預防研究部長津金昌一郎率領的小組，對全國四十歲至六十九歲的男女約三萬七千人進行長達十年的追蹤調查，就五百十一名罹患胃癌者和另外五百十一名未罹患者血液中的Beta胡蘿蔔素濃度進行分析比較，調查與胃癌的關聯性。 研究小組依Beta胡蘿蔔素濃度分成四組進行調查的結果發現，濃度最低一組的胃癌罹患率是其他三組的大約兩倍，男性濃度低的較多，且胃癌罹患率高的傾向顯著，女性即使是濃度屬於最低的一組，通常還是含有充分的濃度。 研究人員分析指出，男性的Beta胡蘿蔔素濃度較低的，主要是由於有吸菸喝酒習慣，這種習慣容易使得體內產生活性氧而造成Beta胡蘿蔔素濃度的減少。 醫學研究已得知活性氧是導致罹患癌症的原因之一，而Beta胡蘿蔔素具有去除活性氧的抗酸作用。厚生勞動省鼓勵民眾多吃黃綠色蔬菜，每天宜食用一百二十公克以上。針對攝取營養劑以補充體內Beta胡蘿蔔素的問題，由於國外有過分攝取而升高罹患肺癌危險性的報告，研究小組表示，營養補充劑的效用有必要在今後加以研究調查。 7/17/2008 17 July 2008
Calving Glacier, Matanuska Glacier, Alaska, 2007
Photograph by James Balog
It takes ice about 250 years to travel the 24 miles (39 kilometers) from the origin of Alaska's Matanuska Glacier to its terminus, where icebergs like this one calve into the Matanuska River.
7/16/2008 16 July 2008 較好的結果皆來自人們說『不』之後 Jumbo Squid, Atlantic Ocean, 2004 Photograph by Brian J. Skerry With an angry eye and a cloud of ink, a jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) flees from a diver. If camouflage fails, squid use ink as a backup defense. Mexican fishermen call the aggressive creatures "diablos rojos"—red devils. They often spew water from their funnels when hauled aboard. 7/15/2008 15 July 2008機會，習慣從後門暗中溜進來，且經常偽裝成”不幸”，或是”一時的失敗”Prehistoric Human Skull, Qafzeh, Israel, 2001 Photograph by Robert Clark This 100,000-year-old skull was found in a cave in Qafzeh, Israel, along with other fossils, including a horse tooth and burned flints. Cutting-edge techniques were used to date the fossils—revealing that modern humans left Africa much earlier than had been thought, even coexisting with Neanderthals, once believed to be our ancestors. 身體不能沒有它~水水 代謝廢物 吸收營養 身體不能沒有它
自由時報更新日期:2008/07/15 04:09 文謝明哲
「救我！救我！」這是四川大地震後195個小時，從一堆碎石瓦礫中，所傳出的微弱求救聲。該名60歲王姓婦人藉由喝雨水，撐過了餘震不斷、飲食無以為繼的災後8天。
每每重大災難發生後，總有獲救的生命奇蹟出現，這些人的唯一共通條件就是「有喝水」！不論是接雨水、喝尿水、甚至有人喝身上傷口流出來的血水，在在顯示，「水」對於維持生命的重要性。
水對於人體的重要性僅次於氧。這是因為水主導著包括調節體溫、幫助腸胃消化、運送氧氣、養分吸收、協助體內廢物代謝等生理運作。
很多人以為，水不具有任何營養價值，但事實上，我們經由食物所獲得的各種營養素都需要溶於水，才能經由腸道吸收而進入血液中，輸送至全身各細胞。而一切細胞代謝產物，也都得先經由水的稀釋，才能避免對細胞的傷害。
◎水在人體中的差異性
以生理面來說，身體水含量會隨年齡與身體組成不同而改變。年紀越小、體內肌肉越多的人，身體含水量越高。一般而言，小孩體內水分佔80%，成人則為60%至70%，老年人較少，但也有50%；水分含量越高者，越需要補充足量的水分。
大家常開玩笑說，女人是水做的，這會讓人誤以為女人體內的水含量高於男人，但事實上，男人體內的水含量卻是比女人高！這是因為水存在於肌肉中的含量高於脂肪，而女人由於有孕育下一代的生理使命，以致體脂肪含量高於男人，也因此，體內水含量低於男人。
◎身體每日水的需求量
當察覺口渴時，就是身體需要水分的指標。大家常說的一天補充2000c.c.，約8杯水的量，是依照人體一天由尿道、腸胃道、呼吸道與皮膚等，所排出的水量約為2000c.c.，因此，一天也應補充約2000c.c.的水分。如果人體缺水，佔體重的1%就會感到口渴，如果身體流失達20%至22%，將會有生命危險，因此補充水分是生活中非常重要的事。若身體因為天氣炎熱或運動而流汗，更要儘速加強補充水分。
◎多元管道，可補充水分
對於水分補充的來源，不僅限於白開水。平常我們經由液體（如水、果汁、氣泡飲料、湯）約可攝入500至1700c.c.；經由食物中所含的水分約可攝入800至1000c.c.；經由消化營養素氧化代謝後，所產生的水約為200至300c.c.。如此，我們一天所攝入的水分約達1500至3000c.c.左右。
由此可知，很多飲料和食物的來源，都可以是人體攝入水分的管道。當我們喝到喜愛的飲料時，會因為喜歡喝，更增加我們單次攝取水分的總量。
另外，氣泡飲料或果汁，因為含有糖分，除了補水之外，還能補充能量。
◎誰說喝水也會胖？
一個健康的人會自然代謝掉體內多餘的水分，多喝水可以促進體內新陳代謝，有助於維持窈窕曲線；若身體有浮腫現象，是屬於代謝能力不好。因此心臟或腎臟功能較差的人若水分攝取過量，不僅會增加腎臟的負擔，還會稀釋血液中的電解質，造成電解質不平衡的現象，因此還是要適量飲水為宜。
◎炎夏酷暑，別忘多補水
在這個高溫的季節裡，水分很容易從體內流失，因此，補充足量的水分，對於人體而言更加重要。
水不僅可以將細胞內部反應所產生的熱量，運送到全身，而過高的體溫也可以透過水在人體運行的過程，將多餘的熱量帶離體外。（作者為台北醫學大學公共衛生暨營養學院院長）
7/14/2008 14 July 2008你只想跟很多人「認識」的話，想辦法致富。你想要的是真正的友誼時，你得先成為一個好朋友Rain Forest Mist, Borneo, Indonesia, 1997 Photograph by Tim Laman A twilight mist floats through the rain forest canopy in Borneo’s Gunung Palung National Park. The future of this uninhabited ecological treasure, covering more than 220,000 acres (90,000 hectares), is threatened by ever increasing illegal logging. 7/13/2008 13 July 2008朋友的種類因你而異，絕非一成不變Wet Street, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 1970 Photograph by George F. Mobley Neon lights color puddles on a street corner in Fayetteville, Arkansas. In the mid-1970s, Fayetteville was home to Bill and Hillary Clinton, former president and first lady, who at the time where teaching at the University of Arkansas School of Law. 7/12/2008 12 July 2008你只是在需要時才打電話找朋友的話，你將發現朋友都離你遠去Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 2005 Photograph by Michael Nichols A pool of rainwater in a Grand Canyon boulder reflects canyon and sky. A writhing giant with scores of limbs (some still unnamed), the Grand Canyon slices 277 miles (446 kilometers) through northern Arizona, extending 18 miles (29 kilometers) at its widest point and 6,000 feet (1,800 meters) at its deepest—one of Earth's largest canyon systems. Cut by the Colorado River in the past six million years, it exposes rock strata that detail nearly two billion years of North America's geologic history. 7/11/2008 11 July 2008Walking Stick Bug, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1993
Photograph by Michael Nichols
A female Macleay's specter stick insect pauses on a branch at the Cincinnati Zoo. Indigenous to Australia, these large, well-defended arthropods are covered in tiny spikes and can reach 6 inches (15 centimeters) in length. 7/10/2008 10 July 2008
Wallace's Flying Frog, Borneo, 2000 Silhouetted against the night sky, a Wallace's flying frog (Rhacophorus nigropalmatus) glides through the air in Borneo. These frogs, the largest of Borneo's flying frogs, gather on branches above murky pools to breed and lay eggs. The pools then make ideal habitat for tadpoles, which drop into the water when they hatch. 7/9/2008 9 July 2008
Sunken Treasure Hunters, Atlantic Ocean, 1999 Photograph by Priit Vesilind A small boat tows a Russian submersible during a 1995 expedition to find sunken gold. The mission sought to raise more than 2 tons (1.8 metric tons) of bullion from a Japanese submarine torpedoed by American forces off Africa's Atlantic coast during World War II. Disappointed treasure hunters recovered only some tin, brass, and an old shoe. 人前風光 億萬富豪背後心酸誰知？更新日期: 家財萬貫的富豪總是令人相當羨慕，但對於日理萬機的企業富豪來說，強大的壓力也是如影隨形，美國媒體大亨泰德透納，曾經因為工作壓力太大，有過輕生的念頭。人前風光的商場強人，背後的辛酸誰人知。 美國媒體巨擘泰德透納曾經事業如日中天，還娶了知名女星珍芳達，可說是愛情事業兩得意，但這卻將他一步步逼向崩潰的邊緣。8年前美國有線電視新聞網與美國線上時代華納合併，泰德透納無預警的被公司解雇，想要散心去滑雪又跌傷雙腳，兩個孫子又罹患罕見疾病，愛犬也突然癱瘓，一連串的噩運接踵而來，一度讓泰德透納萌生輕生的念頭。 儘管人前風光，不過商業強人所背負的壓力卻往往與名氣成正比。私人空間嚴重被壓縮，個人隱私全都攤在陽光底下，成了壓力的最大來源。在我們羨慕他們財富之餘，是無法體會他們身上所背負的強大壓力。 比爾蓋茲：「剛剛我彈的曲調很瘋狂吧？」U2樂團主唱波諾：「比爾我們之前就聊過了，雖然我很欣賞你，但是我們樂團現在不缺人。」剛卸任的微軟董事長比爾蓋茲搖身一變成了搖滾吉他手，想要擔任樂團的一職，但卻被拒絕了。 英國維京集團總裁布蘭特和美國富豪佛塞特都熱愛尋找刺激，兩人都擁有冒險犯難的精神，以用來紓解工作上的強大壓力。工作歸工作，但還是需要休閒的時間好好讓自己放鬆一下，忘記工作場上的煩惱。你被現實壓力壓的喘不過氣嗎？不妨大吸一口氣，凡事以寬大的心胸看待，無須錙銖必較，退一步讓你海闊天空。 8 July 2008
Spacesuit, Houston, Texas, 2007
Photograph by Mark Thiessen
A spacesuit is put through its paces at the Johnson Space Center's Lunar Yard in Houston, Texas. The 2-acre (0.8-hectare) mock moon surface, made of sand and crushed granite, allows engineers to test systems and concepts as they prepare for NASA's return to the moon. 7 July 2008
Headlights, Imperial Sand Dunes, California, 2005
Photograph by Gerd Ludwig
Headlights stream up and down the fluid banks of Imperial Sand Dunes, southeast of California's Salton Sea, in this time exposure. An off-roaders' paradise, the dunes were blown from the dry bed of Lake Cahuilla, the sea's ancient ancestor. More than a million fans hit the dunes each year, pumping $54 million into local coffers. The cost? Brawls, fatal crashes, and run-ins with endangered species. 6 July 2008
Ariaal Warriors, Marsabit District, Kenya, 1999
Photograph by Maria Stenzel
Ariaal warriors rest on an outcrop amid the deserts of northern Kenya's Marsabit District. The 10,000 or so Ariaal who inhabit Marsabit have managed to maintain their nomadic way of life in spite of shrinking communal pastures, increasing ethnic tensions, and government pressure to trade their cattle culture for a more mainstream existence. 5 July 2008
Giant Squirrel, Borneo, Indonesia, 1997
Photograph by Tim Laman
A giant squirrel surveys the surrounding rain forest from a tree limb in Borneo’s Gunung Palung National Park. Borneo, the world’s third largest island, boasts some of the last areas of pristine rain forest in the world. However, deforestation from illegal logging within the park threatens the survival of this unique. 4 July 2008
Fourth of July Fireworks, Bowlus, Minnesota, 2000
Photograph by Richard Olsenius
Fireworks light up the sky over a grain elevator in Bowlus, Minnesota. The volunteer fire department sets off the display every year on the Fourth of July, during Bowlus Fun Days. The daylong celebration is a "big thing" in Bowlus, says Charlie Sobieck, who owns the grain elevator. "We have bingo, a snow-cone stand, cotton candy, polka bands, and a parade with floats. It's a good gathering for people to see people they haven't seen in years." 3 July 2008自願的合作方式可以產生持久的力量，強迫的方式，反而造成失敗Spawning Salmon, Alaska, 1999 Photograph by Karen Kasmauski
Salmon en route to spawning grounds struggle up an intertidal stream on a stretch of Alaskan coastline once fouled by millions of gallons of crude oil from the infamous Exxon Valdez. Today, a visitor would be hard pressed to find evidence of the spill. But studies show lingering effects to regional wildlife. 2 July 2008在ㄧ個人知道如何選擇正確的方向，並執行工作目標之前，都沒有資格指揮他人如何去做Bullfight, Arequipa, Peru, 1982 Photograph by William Albert Allard A slow exposure blurs the charge of a bull at a bullfight in Arequipa, Peru. Peru is the second stop on the calendar for many of the world's top bullfighters. They begin in Spain in March, move to Lima for a month in October, then head to Mexico to close the year. 1 July 2008除非你是在部隊裡服役的軍官，否則，禮貌的請求總會比命令獲得更好的結果Sundog Light Phenomenon, Manitoba, Canada, 2005 Photograph by Norbert Rosing A solar phenomenon known as a sundog arcs over the tundra in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. Sundogs are fairly common occurrences in the Arctic and Antarctic. They form when the sun is near the horizon and ice crystals high in the sky line up in a way that bends the solar rays like a prism |
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